Einstein Memorial Plaque, Staromestske Namesti, Prague, CZ, 2012

Although German, Albert Einstein (1879-1955) worked in many different countries during his lifetime. The Holocaust was not the only reason for this (although he was Jewish), as he was in demand at many different universities before any danger was clear. In 1911-1914 he was a professor of physics at Universita Karlova in Prague (actually in its German-language division, as it is multilingual, the German division being called Karl-Ferdinand University). During that time, he socialized in this building with Franz Kafka, Max Brod, and Josef Fanta (the architect who designed Praha Hlavni Nadrazi). At least one legend was that he worked on his theory of relativity here, but I would expect that he worked on it virtually everywhere, being very immersed in his work. According to the historian Norman Davies, Einstein even got some of his ideas about the speed of light by riding on trams (although more so in Vienna than in Prague). Eventually, Einstein settled in the United States, teaching at Princeton, while also teaching at the Institute for Advanced Study (also located in Princeton, NJ).