Roma - Basilica di Santa Maria Maggiore

Santa Maria Maggiore was erected under Pope Sixtus III (432–440) and retains the core of its original structure, despite several alterations, redecorations and additions, especially after the earthquake of 1348 had damaged the basilica. The apse and the transept arms date to the 13th century.

Santa Maria Maggiore is one of the first churches built in honour of the Virgin Mary. The building started just after Council of Ephesus (431), which proclaimed Mary Mother of God. It is one of the four Papal Basilicas and one of the seven Pilgrim Churches in Rome.

The 36 white marble columns supporting the nave came probably from an antique Roman temple. Above them are 36 mosaics dated to the 5th century.

The floor has a "cosmatesque" mosaics from around 1150. The style goes back to the Roman family Cosmati, the leading family workshop of marble craftsmen for generations.